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Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of defined cancers is crucial for effective personalized therapies. Translocations of the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene produce fusion proteins such as MLL-AF4 that disrupt epigenetic pathways and cause poor-prognosis leukemias. Here, we find that at a subset of gene targets, MLL-AF4 binding spreads into the gene body and is associated with the spreading of Menin binding, increased transcription, increased H3K79 methylation (H3K79me2/3), a disruption of normal H3K36me3 patterns, and unmethylated CpG regions in the gene body. Compared to other H3K79me2/3 marked genes, MLL-AF4 spreading gene expression is downregulated by inhibitors of the H3K79 methyltransferase DOT1L. This sensitivity mediates synergistic interactions with additional targeted drug treatments. Therefore, epigenetic spreading and enhanced susceptibility to epidrugs provides a potential marker for better understanding combination therapies in humans.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.054

Type

Journal article

Journal

Cell Rep

Publication Date

10/01/2017

Volume

18

Pages

482 - 495

Keywords

DOT1L, H3K79me2, MLL, MLL-AF4, drug combination therapy, epigenetic spreading, epigenetic therapy, leukemia, Binding Sites, Cell Line, Tumor, CpG Islands, DNA Methylation, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic, Genome, Human, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Histones, Humans, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Leukemia, Lysine, Methyltransferases, Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein, Oncogene Proteins, Fusion, Prognosis, Protein Binding, Proto-Oncogene Proteins