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Control of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation at human mucosal surfaces is critical to reducing the burden of pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease, interrupting transmission, and achieving herd protection. Here, we use an experimental human pneumococcal carriage model (EHPC) to show that S. pneumoniae colonisation is associated with epithelial surface adherence, micro-colony formation and invasion, without overt disease. Interactions between different strains and the epithelium shaped the host transcriptomic response in vitro. Using epithelial modules from a human epithelial cell model that recapitulates our in vivo findings, comprising of innate signalling and regulatory pathways, inflammatory mediators, cellular metabolism and stress response genes, we find that inflammation in the EHPC model is most prominent around the time of bacterial clearance. Our results indicate that, rather than being confined to the epithelial surface and the overlying mucus layer, the pneumococcus undergoes micro-invasion of the epithelium that enhances inflammatory and innate immune responses associated with clearance.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/s41467-019-11005-2

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nat Commun

Publication Date

16/07/2019

Volume

10

Keywords

Adult, Carrier State, Epithelial Cells, Female, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Male, Middle Aged, Nasopharynx, Pneumococcal Infections, Respiratory Mucosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Young Adult